Can You Picture It? Visual Rhetorics and Argument

Work to have achieved:

• A final-for-now version of your soundscape narratives, pushed to your own GitHub repo
• Write and post reflection on same

Plan for the day:

1. Sound and Image
2. Prominent affordances: GIMP (GNU image manipulation program)
3. Visual unit overview and assignment
4. Examples
5. EXT: Start HW

1. Sound and Image (5-10 min)

First, congratulations on finishing your first project for the class! Take a deep breath!

Second, I know you just finished writing up a reflection on what you did, but I’m going to ask you to write a little more.

• Put aside the details of your project for a moment, and think about what you’ve learned about sound as a composing medium. What does it make possible? What does it make easy? What does it make difficult? Take a minute to gather your thoughts on the page – in your own writing space, but save this somewhere you can find again at the end of the semester.

• Now think about Audacity, in particular, as a tool for soundwriting. Given the possibilities and affordances of sound, how does Audacity (try to) make hard things easier? How does the software tell you what’s possible? And what tricks to navigating the software, if any, did you realize only after using it for a while? Was there anything you came to rely on, or use more often than you might have expected at first?

Let’s discuss (5-10 min)

And let’s also take some notes in the shared notes doc. Can I get a few volunteers to be note-takers?

2. Brief, brief intro to GIMP

For the next unit, you’ll be working on directing attention through visual means, and the software I’m asking you to use is GIMP: the GNU Image Manipulation Program.

I want to do just a quick preview today, while we’re thinking about the shape of tools – and then we’ll focus on what I’m asking you to do with them.

Here’s a project from a previous semester:

Though unnamed in the image, the athletes/teams are, from left to right, Joel Embiid of the Philadephia 76ers (basketball), his arms raised to either side; Bryce Harper of the Philadelphia Phillies (baseball), with a bat in mid-swing; Travis Konecny of the Philadelphia Flyers (hockey), one hand waving; and Carson Wentz of the Philadelphia Eagles (football), preparing to throw.

Onscreen, it’s a flat image. But if we open it in GIMP…

Initial questions to ask, as usual:

1. How is the space laid out?
   • What can you see? What can’t you see that you expected to, if anything?
2. What’s given the most prominent visual focus? Secondary focus?
3. What features/tools do you have quick access to?
   • For instance, what’s featured in the menu? What about the context menus (e.g. when you right-click)?
   • Do any of those menus let you find what you were missing?

3. Visual unit overview and assignment

Your second project is to make a rhetorical claim through the juxtaposition of images and text. It’s kind of a collage, but a collage with an argument to make, an intervention in the world. In assigning this, I have two main goals for you:

1. to learn how to capture images and arrange them using digital tools, and
2. to explore the affordances of still images as a medium, and especially their ability to direct attention and help make ideas memorable.

Let’s read through this together.

4. Examples

Here are some more student examples in response to this actual assignment:

• Human Trafficking, by Christianna Kelley
• Let’s Talk About It, by Sydney Masterson
• The Extinction Crisis, by Fathima Shabnam
• Radiate, by Emma Knaub
• Be Kind, by Tessa Sayers
• Women in Tech, by Nicole Dash

Want still more? I’ve also pinned some examples of the kinds of collages and collisions I’ve seen on the open web, but definitely don’t take this as expressing some absolute sense of range: www.pinterest.com/benmiller314/visual-argumentexplanation

EXT: Play with GIMP? Start homework?

If we have extra time, why not play around with GIMP and see where it steers your attention? As an image to work with, you can do a lot worse than the image of yourself (or your pet, etc) that you posted to the Greetings and Salutations forum, way back when…

… but as an alternative, let me tell you what I’m asking you to do by next class:

Homework for next time:

• If you haven’t already, download and install GIMP, the GNU Image Manipulation Program
• Read the following short lessons on graphic design, by independent designer Julie Thompson:
  • positive and negative space;
  • dominance and hierarchy;
  • rhythm and movement.
  • EXT: For an optional deeper dive into design principles, check out this series on Gestalt design principles from Smashing Magazine. (NB: That link is to the fifth in the series, because it contains links back to the prior four, right at the top.) Many of the examples are drawn from websites, so we may come back to this in the next unit.
• Find and either screenshot or photograph at least one example of a visual or graphic design out in “the wild” that makes some sort of claim, or argument.
  • By “design,” I mean that some person made an active choice in its arrangement. A heap of clothes on the floor may have a lot of artistic potential to a photographer, but it’s not yet designed.
  • By “in the wild,” I mean that I expect you to come across some in the course of your routine travels around the web – or around your surroundings, if you’re in a place where you get out into your surroundings. That said, if you need to search more actively, so be it; for one thing, you may need to pay more attention to ads that you’ve trained yourself to ignore.
  • By “argument,” I mean there should be an idea beyond the pure visual layout. The argument could be explicit or implicit; it could be serious or a joke. (Some claims are just X is like Y.) But you should be able to put it in words.
• Write a short blog post, sharing your visual argument example. Examine it through the lenses from the reading of positive/negative, dominance/hierarchy, and rhythm/movement: what do those lenses help you see? Would you say this is effectively designed for making its argument? (NB: If the argument is implicit, please try to articulate what you think it’s claiming.)
  • Post this to the issue queue, under “Visual Arguments are Everywhere”.